What the Bible Tells One Christian about Gun Control

Since the tragic events at Sandy Hook Elementary, I have been overwhelmed and a little disturbed by how people of various political inclinations have rushed to capitalize on the opportunity to launch a debate over gun legislation. What has concerned me even more is how many people have tried to use Judeo-Christian Scriptures to justify pro-gun arguments.

One popular passage used by those opposed to gun control is Luke 22. In verses 35-38, Jesus tells his disciples,

“When I sent you out without a purse, bag, or sandals, did you lack anything?” They said, “No, not a thing.” He said to them, “But now, the one who has a purse must take it, and likewise a bag. And the one who has no sword must sell his cloak and buy one. For I tell you, this scripture must be fulfilled in me, ‘And he was counted among the lawless’; and indeed what is written about me is being fulfilled.” They said, “Lord, look, here are two swords.” He replied, “It is enough.”

Some argue this means that Jesus is telling the disciples to arms themselves, and proponents of this interpretation often assert that Jesus is endorsing the use of weapons for self-defense.

However, by the reference to Hebrew Scripture, Luke’s implication seems to be is that Jesus tells his followers to bring swords to fulfill the words of Isaiah 53:11-12:

The righteous one, my servant, shall make many righteous, and he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore I will allot him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he poured out himself to death, and was numbered with the transgressors; yet he bore the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.

If you read a little further, the self-defense interpretation makes less sense. Luke next describes Jesus’ time of prayer on the Mount of Olives and the arrival of a crowd intending to arrest Jesus.

When those who were around him saw what was coming, they asked, “Lord, should we strike with the sword?” Then one of them struck the slave of the high priest and cut off his right ear. But Jesus said, “No more of this!” And he touched his ear and healed him. Then Jesus said to the chief priests, the officers of the temple police, and the elders who had come for him, “Have you come out with swords and clubs as if I were a bandit? When I was with you day after day in the temple, you did not lay hands on me. But this is your hour, and the power of darkness!” (Verses 49-53)

Thus, in Luke’s gospel, Jesus reprimands his follower for cutting off the ear of the high priest’s servant, who was among those coming to arrest Jesus (see also John 18). He does the same in Matthew, where elaborates on his opposition to violence, telling his disciple,

“Put your sword back into its place. For all who take the sword will perish by the sword. Do you think that I cannot appeal to my Father, and he will at once send me more than twelve legions of angels? But how then should the Scriptures be fulfilled, that it must be so?” (Matt 26:52-54)

Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount (Matt 5-7) — one of his most extensive sermons in the canon — is full of arguments in favor of nonviolence:

• The Beatitudes:

Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. … Blessed are the merciful, for they will receive mercy. … Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God. (verses 5-9)

• He even goes so far as to call for doing good to, and even loving, one’s enemies: 

“You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’ But I say to you, Do not resist an evildoer. But if anyone strikes you on the right cheek, turn the other also; and if anyone wants to sue you and take your coat, give your cloak as well; and if anyone forces you to go one mile, go also the second mile. Give to everyone who begs from you, and do not refuse anyone who wants to borrow from you. (verses 38-42)

Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be children of your Father in heaven; for he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the righteous and on the unrighteous … (verses 43-48)

Please understand, I am not saying that guns are bad, or evil. Growing up in Appalachia, I would have to have willfully ignored the number of people for whom hunting is important to keep food on the table. I also believe in self-defense. I don’t even think private citizens’ gun ownership should be banned. But regulation is not the same as prohibition. As I have noticed many gun control advocates observe, if we recognize that people should be instructed and licensed in order to use a car to reduce the risk of accident and injury to self and others, why wouldn’t we want the same for guns?

Most of all, though, I believe that Christians have a responsibility to look for nonviolent ways to respond to threatening situations. For one thing, it is irresponsible to deny that accidents with guns will happen, just as they do with motor vehicles. But more than that, for those who would call themselves followers of Jesus, it is important to follow his example of responding to others with empathy and love.

We should love enough to reach out to young people who may be suffering emotionally and/or psychologically. We should not react to the perpetrators of violence with hate, and rather than chastising their families or whomever we might lay the blame upon we should work to promote a culture of caring.

From a practical standpoint, hate and blame-laying don’t change what has happened in the past. But treating others with love and respect is a good start toward reducing the chance of future pain. We cannot eradicate evil from the world, but we can stand against it by letting the Spirit work through us to counter evil with God’s love.